WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/3595

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A Methodological Approach To the Investigation of Regional Variations in Artuqid Islamic Architecture
(Nilay Ozsavas Ulucay, 2025) Kutlu, İzzettin; 08.02. Department of Architecture / Mimarlık Bölümü; 08. Faculty of Engineering and Architecture / Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Anatolia is a geographical area characterized by various architectural styles from different civilizations and offers a rich historical and cultural heritage in terms of Islamic architecture. This study aims to examine the spatial features of the Harput, Silvan, and K & imath;z & imath;ltepe Great Mosques built during the Artuqid period and determine the effects of regional differences on the architectural features. The study discusses the historical and architectural characteristics of mosques and adopts a method of analysis based on Kevin Lynch's urban images of paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. With this method, the plan diagrams, spatial organizations, and facades of the mosques were typologically compared, and their relationships with regional variations were examined. The results reveal that the mihrab dome and the harim plan scheme are significant in the key design decisions in the spatial configuration of the three mosques. However, different architectural approaches, such as the porticoes and interior walls, were developed depending on regional requirements and functions. The study emphasizes the importance of these mosques in Islamic history and provides a framework for examining the relationship between the monumental structures and urban images by using the proposed methodology.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Analyzing and Interpreting Arabic Texts: Study on The Challenge of Literal Versus Contextual Meaning
(Univ Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, 2025) Kadad, Mustafa; Sehitoglu, Sadik; 05.01. Department of Basic Islamic Sciences / Temel İslam Bilimleri Bölümü; 05. Faculty of Islamic Sciences / İslami İlimleri Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The Arabic language is widely recognized for its complexity and richness. It is distinguished by a sophisticated grammatical and rhetorical system that enables it to precisely convey a wide range of meanings. One linguistic phenomenon that has captured scholars' attention throughout history is the concept of "hammal 'ala al-laugh wal hammal 'ala al-mana" (literal and contextual interpretation). This phenomenon illustrates how language can combine the grammatical structure of phrases (form) with the intended meaning or context (content), creating a unique balance between grammatical rules and rhetorical creativity. In the modern era, with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and its various tools, Natural Language Processing (NLP) has emerged as a leading field of research focusing on understanding and analyzing languages using AI technologies. Despite significant advancements in this field, with its complexity and rich structure, Arabic poses a considerable challenge for these models, particularly in dealing with linguistic phenomena that rely on context and meaning, such as literal and contextual interpretation. This research bridges the gap between the rich Arabic linguistic heritage and modern technological advancements, opening new horizons for developing innovative tools to understand the Arabic language deeply. It also contributes to enhancing modern linguistic studies by demonstrating how AI can benefit from the depth of the Arabic linguistic tradition. The research aims to offer scientific contributions in applying AI techniques to study linguistic phenomena, expanding the use of AI in processing Arabic texts, which serves linguistic studies. While few studies combine these traditional phenomena with modern technological applications, the research can be categorized into two areas: traditional studies, which explore the concept of literal and contextual interpretation, and modern technical studies, which focus on challenges in Arabic machine translation.
Muscular Strength and Endurance Adaptations To Functional Resistance Training in Young Elite Field Hockey Players
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Gurkan, Alper Cenk; Eraslan, Meric; Aydin, Serhat; Altug, Tolga; Turkmen, Mustafa; Soyler, Mehmet; Kucuk, Hamza
Background: Functional strength training (FST) has gained considerable attention due to its potential in enhancing muscle strength, endurance, and body composition, especially among athletes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a 12-week FST program on performance outcomes such as muscle strength, muscular endurance, and body composition in elite male field hockey players. Methods: The study involved 28 male athletes from the T & uuml;rkiye Hockey Federation Super League, with a mean age of 27.54 +/- 1.34 years and an average athletic experience of 7.62 +/- 0.48 years. The mean height of participants was 180.28 +/- 4.54 cm, and their mean weight was 75.59 +/- 3.08 kg. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 14) and the control group (n = 14). Pre-intervention assessments were conducted to evaluate muscle strength (Leg Extension, Leg Curl, Bench Press, Pushdown), muscular endurance (30-s Sit-up and Push-up tests), and body composition [Body Mass Index (BMI) and Body Fat Percentage (BFP)]. The experimental group participated in the FST program three times per week for 12 weeks, while the control group maintained their usual training regimen. Post-test evaluations were performed using the same testing protocols. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA to assess the interaction effects of group and time (pre-test vs post-test). Partial eta squared (eta(2)) values were used to report effect sizes, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 22.0 software. Normality was assessed through the Shapiro-Wilk test, and data distribution was further examined through skewness-kurtosis values, histograms, box plots, and Q-Q plots. Paired sample t-tests were performed for pairwise comparisons, with Cohen's d used to determine the effect sizes. The classification for effect sizes followed Hopkins' (2002) guidelines: small (>= 0.01), moderate (>= 0.06), and large (>= 0.14). Results: Significant group x time interaction effects were found for all measured variables (p < 0.05). The experimental group showed greater improvements in body composition, muscle strength, and muscular endurance compared to the control group. Specifically, the experimental group experienced a significant reduction in BMI (pre-test: 21.17 +/- 0.64 kg/m(2), post-test: 19.84 +/- 0.85 kg/m(2), p < 0.001) and BFP (pre-test: 15.36% +/- 0.62%, post-test: 12.13% +/- 0.47%, p < 0.001), while the control group showed minimal changes in these variables. Muscle strength improvements in the experimental group were significant for Leg Extension (pre-test: 83.93 +/- 4.87 kg, post-test: 66.07 +/- 4.01 kg, p = 0.003), Leg Curl (pre-test: 99.29 +/- 7.81 kg, post-test: 118.21 +/- 5.04 kg, p < 0.001), and Bench Press (pre-test: 66.43 +/- 6.91 kg, post-test: 87.14 +/- 4.69 kg, p < 0.001). In contrast, the control group did not show significant improvements in these tests. Muscular endurance was also superior in the experimental group for both the 30-s Sit-up (pre-test: 19.21 +/- 0.97, post-test: 23.36 +/- 1.28, p < 0.001) and Push-up (pre-test: 24.66 +/- 2.53, post-test: 27.04 +/- 0.81, p < 0.001) tests. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) indicated moderate to large effects for all measured variables, with d values ranging from 0.46 to 1.14 for strength and endurance improvements. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that a 12-week FST program significantly improves muscle strength, endurance, and body composition in elite male field hockey players. These results suggest that incorporating FST into athletic training regimens may optimize performance and enhance overall physical fitness in athletes.
The Transformation of The Idea of Substance From Aristotelian Classical Logic To Fregean Modern Logic
(Selcuk Univ, Fac Letters, 2025) Eker, Hasan Remzi; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Aristotelian classical logic, based on the idea of substance, claims that existence is based on the knowledge of concrete individual existence. For this reason, the objects named by names have a relation to existence itself. With Kant's transcendental thought, it is seen that an understanding of the object compatible with our knowledge replaces the Aristotelian idea of substance. With Fregean modern logic, this discussion has turned into talking about the logical object based on the logical form of language. This study seeks to answer the question of how the relationship between the idea of substance, which we encounter in Aristotelian classical logic, and existence in terms of logical objects is transformed in Fregean modern logic. Methodologically, the fundamental difference between Aristotelian classical logic and Fregean modern logic is analyzed in terms of the category of substance. According to Frege, the logic of language has an analytic a priori structure that enables arithmetic to be reduced to logic. As a result, in Fregean modern logic, according to the function and argument-based structure of language, it is possible to explain the truth value obtained by the proposition as a logical object.
Adapting To Conflict: Iran's Proxy Warfare Strategy in
(Kafkas University Iibf, 2025) Kazdal, Melih; Department of Political Science and International Relations / Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü; 04. Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences / İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
This research investigates how Iran employs proxy warfare in Syria and Yemen. Andrew Mumford's quadrilateral framework is employed to analyze Iran's use of proxy warfare in these cases, the focusing the provision of manpower, the provision military supplies, financial assistance, and non-military assistance. The study employed method of multiple case analysis, enabling an examination of both the situations within and between cases. The objective of employing this approach was to identify the similarities, differences and underlying causes of these cases. The selection of these two cases for analysis was based on their distinctive environmental and socio-political factors, allowing for an evaluation of Iran's proxy war strategy in the region. The time span of the study covers the decade following the beginning of the Arab Spring and ends with the assassination of Qassem Soleimani. This study demonstrates that Iran utilises a flexible proxy war strategy, modifying its approach in accordance with evolving war dynamics and conflict points.
Comparison of the Gonadoprotective Functions of Nigella Sativa Oil, Metformin and Vitamin E on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Testis
(Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2025) Şeker, Uğur; Seker, Ugur; Ozmen, Mehmet F.; Ayaz, Hayat; Erdogan, Gamze; Nergiz, Yusuf; Department of Basic Medical Sciences / Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü; 10. Faculty of Medicine / Tıp Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
BACKGROUND: Changes in blood glucose levels in DM cause many complications. We aimed to make a detailed comparison study on the protective effects of Nigella sativa oil, metformin, and vitamin E on the histopathologic effects of diabetes on the male reproductive system. METHODS: In the experiment, 30 rats were divided equally into 5 groups: Control, DM, DM+NS, DM+M and DM+E. To induce diabetes in the experimental groups, a one-time injection of 45 mg/kg Streptozotocin was administered. Rats with blood glucose levels above 250 mg/dl were included in the experiment. The experiment period lasted 8 weeks. Weekly body weight of the rats, reproductive organ weights at the end of the experiment, spermatologic data, immunohistochemical staining, TUNEL assay staining and morphometric evaluation were performed. RESULTS: According to Johnsen Biopsy Score and Seminiferous Tubule diameter data, the DM+NS group had similar results to the control group, indicating that Nigella sativa oil preserved the seminiferous tubule diameter structure better than vitamin E and metformin. There were head, neck and tail defects in the diabetes group. Based on the results of the applications carried out to evaluate apoptosis and proliferation in testicular tissue, it can be concluded that the treated diabetic groups, especially the Nigella sativa oil, improved the structure of spermatogenic tubules and also reduced the number of apoptotic cells, as shown by the results of the TUNEL test (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We think that Nigella sativa oil is more effective on the mechanism of diabetes than other active substances and regulates metabolic changes and may be an effective therapeutic agent for diabetes treatment.
Boncuklu Tarla: Production and Social Dynamics of a Middle PPNB Knapped Stone Workshop (Mardin/Türkiye)
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Kodaş, Ergül; Kodas, Ergul; 02.03. Department of Archaeology / Arkeoloji Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Boncuklu Tarla, located about 2 kilometres west of the Tigris River, is one of the few sites continuously occupied throughout the entire Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period. This site offers key insights into the evolving techniques and typologies of knapped stone tool production during the Neolithisation process. In 2017, excavations revealed a knapped stone workshop on the floor of a domestic structure, dated to the Middle PPNB. A total of 2,067 artefacts-including cores, flakes, debris, and unprocessed raw material-were found in situ, stacked together. Of these, 1,564 pieces are flint and 503 are obsidian. The finds are especially significant for understanding the use of pressure flaking techniques. Detailed typological and technological analyses, supported by experimental studies, have helped reconstruct all stages of the cha & icirc;ne op & eacute;ratoire in this production context. The Boncuklu Tarla assemblage contributes important data on Neolithic craft specialization and the organization of lithic production within domestic spaces.
From Cave To Spiritual Enlightenment: Rumi's Yar-I Ghār Mazmun (Poetic Theme) and the Role of Shams
(Selcuk Univ, Fac Letters, 2025) Aydin, Funda Turkben
This article examines the use of the "y & amacr;r-i gh & amacr;r" mazmun in the works of Mevl & amacr;n & amacr; Jal & amacr;l al-Din R & umacr;mi and its relationship to Shams-i Tabrizi. The y & amacr;r-i gh & amacr;r, referring to the significant event of Hijra in Islamic history, is imbued with gnostic and spiritual metaphors, leading to its rich usage in literary texts. The research explores various applications of this motif, as well as the symbolic meanings and mystical value of the cave in Islamic culture. By examining the treatment of the y & amacr;r-i gh & amacr;r mazmun in Classical Persian literature, the study highlights the originality of R & umacr;mi's usage. The analysis of the motif in R & umacr;mi's works is structured around three main themes: spiritual awakening and guidance, symbol of divine love, and friendship and sacrifice. The study emphasizes the role of this motif in R & umacr;mi's portrayal of Shams-i Tabrizi as a spiritual guide, demonstrating its use in different contexts through examples from the Div & amacr;n-i Kabir and Mathnawi. The research proposes that the y & amacr;r-i gh & amacr;r mazmun plays a central role in R & umacr;mi's works and offers a new perspective on his friendship with Shams-i Tabrizi. By demonstrating that the y & amacr;r-i gh & amacr;r mazmun is a reflection of R & umacr;mi's Sufi thought and spiritual experiences, the study provides a deeper insight into R & umacr;mi's intellectual world and Sufi teachings. It also showcases his literary mastery and ability to express Sufi concepts in poetic language.
Boiler Efficiency and Performance Optimization in District Heating and Cooling Systems With Machine Learning Models
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Aslan, Emrah; Oezuepak, Yildirim; Alpsalaz, Feyyaz; 08.01. Department of Computer Engineering / Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bölümü; 08. Faculty of Engineering and Architecture / Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
This study focuses on the detection and analysis of boiler efficiency degradation in District Heating and Cooling (DHC) substations. The research presents an innovative approach to optimize boiler efficiency under different scenarios. Although DHC systems provide both heating and cooling services, this study focuses specifically on heating substations. In this context, various machine learning algorithms have been applied to effectively detect boiler efficiency degradation, and hyper-parameter adjustments have been performed using Bayesian optimization to improve the performance of the models. As a result of the analyses, the Gradient Boosting Regressor model showed significantly higher performance compared to other machine learning algorithms. The model successfully predicted the decline in boiler efficiency with an accuracy of 97.8%, and the Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) value was recorded as 0.952. These results show that Gradient Boosting Regressor based approaches provide an effective solution for fault detection and diagnosis in district heating systems. In conclusion, this study provides both theoretical and practical contributions to the optimization of boiler efficiency, fault detection and diagnosis in DHC systems. The solutions offered by the study have the potential to increase the reliability and efficiency of the systems.
Pulsed Electric Fields-Driven Enhancement of Tomato Seed Quality and Resilience: Improving Germination, Stress Tolerance, and Microbial Disinfection
(MDPI, 2025) Akdemir Evrendilek, Gulsun; Yalcin, Bahar
Featured Application This study highlights the potential of pulsed electric field (PEF) technology as an innovative, non-thermal seed treatment method to improve tomato seed quality. By enhancing the germination performance, increasing the tolerance to abiotic stress, and reducing microbial contamination, the PEF treatment offers a sustainable and efficient approach for seed priming in commercial agriculture and seed processing industries.Abstract Seed quality is vital for agricultural productivity, as it directly influences the crop yield and resilience to environmental stressors. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment in enhancing the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seed quality, seedling growth, and microbial safety. Tomato seeds were treated with PEFs at energy levels ranging from 1.07 to 17.28 J, and several parameters were assessed, including the germination rate, normal seedling development, tolerance to cold and salinity stress, electrical conductivity, and microbial inactivation. The highest germination rate (72.81%) was observed at 15.36 J on the seventh day of germination, whereas the highest normal seedling rate (94.62%) was recorded at 17.28 J (p <= 0.05). The germination under cold stress (5 days at 24 degrees C) was highest, with a 46.67% germination observed at both 1.92 and 10.88 J. PEF-treated seeds exposed to 100 and 200 mM of NaCl exhibited significantly improved germination compared to the controls (p <= 0.05). The electrical conductivity (EC) was more influenced by the incubation time than by the PEF intensity, as the EC of all samples showed a significant increase from 4 to 8 h. The samples treated with 17.28 J exhibited the highest germination rates under salt stress, reaching 62.00 +/- 0.90% and 50.00 +/- 0.60% under 100 mM and 200 mM of NaCl, respectively (p <= 0.05). The initial mean counts of the total mesophilic aerobic bacteria and the total mold and yeast-4.00 +/- 0.03 and 3.06 +/- 0.03 log cfu/g, respectively-were reduced to undetectable levels by the application of 17.28 J, with higher energy levels yielding greater inactivation. These findings demonstrate that the PEF is a promising technique for enhancing seed quality, promoting seedling vigor, and reducing microbial contamination, supporting its application in sustainable agriculture.
Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Maize Leaf Disease Classification With Explainable AI
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Aslan, Emrah; Alpsalaz, Feyyaz; Aslan, Emrah; Uzel, Hasan; 08.01. Department of Computer Engineering / Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bölümü; 08. Faculty of Engineering and Architecture / Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
This study presents a hybrid learning model that integrates MobileNetV2 and Vision Transformer (ViT) with a stacking model to classify maize leaf diseases, addressing the critical need for early detection to improve agricultural productivity and sustainability. Utilising the 'Corn or Maize Leaf Disease Dataset' from Kaggle, comprising 4,062 high-resolution images across five classes (Common Rust, Grey Leaf Spot, Healthy, Northern Leaf Blight, Not Maize Leaf), the model achieves an impressive accuracy of 96.73%. Transfer learning from ImageNet, coupled with data augmentation (rotation, flipping, scaling, brightness adjustment), enhances generalisation, while a 20% dropout rate mitigates overfitting. The key advantage of the hybrid model lies in its ability to combine the strengths of MobileNetV2's localised feature extraction and ViT's global context understanding, enhanced by the stacking model's ability to reduce the weaknesses of either model. Explainable AI techniques, including SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME), and Grad-CAM, provide transparent insights into model decisions, fostering trust among agricultural stakeholders. Comparative analysis demonstrates the model's superiority over prior works, with F1-scores ranging from 0.9276 to 1.0000. Despite minor misclassifications due to visual similarities, the model offers a robust, interpretable solution for precision agriculture.
Nano-Enabled Biochar Modulate Arsenic Toxicity in Plants: a Step Towards Crop Safety and Health
(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Eren, Abdullah; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Eren, Abdullah; Afzal, Shadma; Alam, Pravej; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Hayat, Shamsul; Department of Medical Services and Techniques / Tıbbi Hizmetler ve Teknikleri Bölümü; 16.01. Department of Organic Agriculture / Organik Tarım Bölümü; 16. School of Vocational Higher School of Kızıltepe/ Kızıltepe Meslek Yüksekokulu; 21. Vocational School of Health Services / Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
As global agricultural demands continue to rise amidst increasing environmental stressors, enhancing plant resilience has become a critical necessity. Heavy metals (HMs), especially arsenic (As), severely impact crop productivity and quality, threatening global food security and human health. Arsenic toxicity disrupts normal physiological, biochemical and molecular processes in food crops due to its eco-toxicological effects. Nano-enabled biochar (Nano-BC) has emerged as a promising soil amendment capable of mitigating As-induced oxidative stress in horticultural crops by modulating stress responses, enhancing detoxification pathways and improving plant resilience. This review comprehensively examines the interactions of Nano-BC with soil matrices and microbial communities, highlighting its dual role in influencing soil health and plant growth. While Nano-BC improves soil structure, increases nutrient retention and supports beneficial microbial populations, its potential long-term ecological impacts and interactions with native microbial communities require further evaluation. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms by which Nano-BC modulates As bioavailability, phyto-toxicity and detoxification pathways in horticultural crops. Advances in Nano-BC applications have demonstrated its potential in producing "pollution-safe" crops, yet challenges remain regarding its environmental fate and persistence. Future research should focus on optimizing Nano-BC formulations to enhance its efficiency while minimizing unintended ecological consequences. By integrating Nano-BC into sustainable agricultural practices, we can move closer to achieving food security, mitigating HM stress in crops and aligning with global sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Cardiac Autonomic Control Reflects Sympathovagal Changes Associated With Withholding Urination
(Wiley, 2025) Alabdo, Ahmad; Oflazoglu, Basak; Kus, Mehmet Mustafa; Cakan, Pinar; Ugras, Seda; Yildiz, Sedat
IntroductionIncreased volume of the urinary bladder causes urge to urinate and constricts the sphincter by increasing the tonus of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Activity of the autonomic nervous system (or sympatho-vagal balance) can be assessed by heart rate variability (HRV). Current study aimed to test in healthy young male participants whether HRV technique reflects increased sympathovagal balance during bladder distention as revealed by strong urge to urinate.Materials and MethodsA total of young and apparently healthy 11 males agreed to participate to the current study. They were asked to provide 5-min continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings in supine position for determination of HRV on two occasions, i.e. before and approximately for 3 1/2 hours after withholding urination. HRV parameters included heart rate (HR, per min), total power (TP, ms2), and standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN, ms); percentage of successive RR intervals that were different >= 50 ms (pNN50), low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) bands and their normalized units (LFnu and HFnu, respectively) and their ratios (LF/HF). Half of the students provided samples on both occasions and those data were compared by paired t-test following log10 transformation.ResultsWithholding urination did not change HR (from 80.0 +/- 4.1 to 84.5 +/- 3.1 per min, p = 0.135) but decreased total power (from 2692 +/- 802 to 1605 +/- 357 ms2, p = 0.008), SDNN (from 50.4 +/- 5.8 to 38.7 +/- 3.8 ms, p = 0.007) and pNN50 (from 15.6 +/- 3.3 to 5.9 +/- 2.6%, p = 0.016) and increased LFnu (from 57.3 +/- 5.3 to 65.1 +/- 4.5, p = 0.029) and LF/HF ratio (from 1.77 +/- 0. 73 to 2.42 +/- 0.47, p = 0.047).ConclusionsIncreased LF/HF together with decreased SDNN and pNN50 suggest that HRV successfully reflects increased sympathetic tonus over the parasympathetic to help accommodate the urine in the bladder. Moreover, it seems that HRV can be used to assess sympathovagal changes non-invasively during voiding. Additionally, it appears that in all HRV measurements, participants should not have postponed their urination during recording.
Antidepressant-Like Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) on Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression in Adolescent Rats
(Springer, 2025) Gökdemir, Gül Şahika; Şeker, Uğur; Gökdemir, Mehmet Tahir; Baylan, Mukadder; Demirtas, Berjan; Gokdemir, Mehmet Tahir; Department of Internal Medical Sciences / Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü; Department of Basic Medical Sciences / Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü; 10. Faculty of Medicine / Tıp Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
RationaleAdolescent depression is often linked to biological changes associated with stress. However, new approaches and treatment strategies for early intervention and prevention of depression in children and adolescents are still limited. Ashwagandha is an Ayurvedic herb widely used in the management of anxiety and stress. However, there is no information in the current literature on its potential effect on adolescent depression.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effects of depression on proapoptotic proteins and neuroinflammation and the antidepressant effect of Ashwagandha on depression-like symptoms in adolescent rats exposed to the Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) model.MethodsIn the study, CUMS model was used to induce depression in adolescent rats. Rats were treated with Ashwagandha or Sertraline. To evaluate the antidepressant effects, behavioral tests as well as biochemical and histological analyses were performed. Forced Swim Test (FST), Sucrose Test and Elevated Plus Maze Test were performed as behavioral tests. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by the ELISA method in the fronto-parietal cortex. Proapoptotic proteins (Bax and Caspase-3) and inflammatory markers (TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta), as well as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), were evaluated immunohistochemically in the fronto-parietal cortex.ResultsProapoptotic proteins (Bax and Caspase-3) and inflammatory markers (TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta) were increased in the CUMS group. BDNF and GFAP levels were decreased. Ashwagandha treatment was more effective than Sertraline in reducing the levels of these proteins and markers. Additionally, Ashwagandha prevented weight loss.ConclusionsAshwagandha showed antidepressant-like effects in adolescent rats, reducing apoptosis, inflammation, and neuroinflammation, suggesting potential for treating adolescent depression.
Supplementation of Silicon Oxide Nanoparticles Mitigates the Damaging Effects of Arsenic Stress on Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Mechanism and Nitrogen Metabolism in Brassica Juncea
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Karadeniz, Erdal; Ozcinar, Aynur Bilmez; Karadeniz, Erdal; Faizan, Mohammad; Sultan, Haider; Alatar, Abdulrahman A.; 16.01. Department of Organic Agriculture / Organik Tarım Bölümü; 16. School of Vocational Higher School of Kızıltepe/ Kızıltepe Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Nanoparticles (NPs) represent one of the most promising platforms for addressing challenges in drug delivery, biosensing, and the development of advanced biotechnological tools. These innovative materials are revolutionizing modern agriculture by enabling precision farming practices that optimize resource utilization and enhance crop productivity. This study investigates the role of silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs, 200 ppm) in mitigating arsenic (As, 50 mu M) toxicity in Brassica juncea. The results demonstrate that As stress significantly impaired morphological and physiological parameters, as well as the accumulation of key metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolics, proteins, soluble sugars, and free amino acids. However, foliar application of SiO2 NPs effectively alleviated As-induced toxicity by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and maintaining nutrient homeostasis. The application of SiO2 NPs also positively influenced growth parameters, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and soluble sugar content. Notably, SiO2 NPs improved the transpiration rate by 52%, leaf nitrogen content by 33%, and phenolic content by 42%. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in oxidative stress markers, with hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels decreasing by 41% and 39%, respectively, indicating reduced oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation. These findings underscore the promising potential of SiO2 NPs in mitigating As stress and offer valuable insights for promoting sustainable crop production under environmental stress conditions.
Effect of Chemical and Organic Fertilizers on the Yield and Quality Attributes and Nutrient Composition in Lentil
(Inst Investigaciones Agropecuarias – Inia, 2025) Doğan, Yusuf; Dogan, Yusuf; Cig, Fatih; 06.02. Department of Plant Protection / Bitki Koruma Bölümü; 06. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies in Kızıltepe / Kızıltepe Tarım Bilimleri ve Teknolojileri Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The importance of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) as a crop with valuable nutritional content is expected to increase with the growing global population; therefore, this research was conducted in 2019-2020 and 20202021 to evaluate the effects of organic (vermicompost, chicken manure, and farm manure) and inorganic (S and diammonium phosphate [DAP]) fertilizers on the yield and nutrient content of the lentil '& Ccedil;a & gbreve;& imath;l'. The study used no fertilizer control, chemical fertilizer (140 kg ha-1 DAP 18-46), sulfate fertilizer (30 kg S ha-1), and organic fertilizers such as chicken manure (2 t ha-1), farm manure (20 t ha-1), and vermicompost (2 t ha-1). The experiment was designed as a randomized block with three replicates. According to results, S fertilizer was found to significantly improve plant height, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, protein ratio, S and Fe content. It was predicted that farmyard manure significantly improves the grain nutrient properties (P, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn) of lentil compared to other treatments. The S fertilizer increased plant height (55.1 cm), thousand-grain weight (33.6 g), grain yield (2065 kg ha-1), and protein ratio (33.1%); additionally, farmyard manure application was found to enhance the nutrient content of lentil grains, including P (4056.7 mg kg-1), Cu (16.15 mg kg-1), K (8926.3 mg kg-1), Mg (985.1 mg kg-1), Mn (15.3 mg kg-1), and Zn (35.0 mg kg-1). It is recommended to use a combination of S fertilizer and organic fertilizers such as farmyard manure to enhance environmental sustainability, maintain soil fertility, and improve yield and nutrient content in lentil production.
Biological Effect of Thiazole-Containing Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine on Different Sizes of Gold Nanoparticles
(Amer Chemical Soc, 2025) Dündar, Abdurrahman; Uzunmehmetoglu, Hilal Zengin; Yenilmez, Hacer Yasemin; Ozdemir, Sadin; Dundar, Abdurrahman; Bayir, Zehra Altuntas; Department of Medical Services and Techniques / Tıbbi Hizmetler ve Teknikleri Bölümü; 21. Vocational School of Health Services / Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
This study aims to design multidisciplinary bioagents for a wide range of biological applications. The synthesis and characterization of 4,5-bis((4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)thio)phthalonitrile (a) and its octa-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivative (b) were described in this study. Additionally, gold nanoparticles were synthesized in three different sizes, including 10 nm (1), 45 nm (2), and 80 nm (3). Macromolecule (b) was used for surficial functionalization of gold nanoparticles (1-3) to prepare nanoconjugates (1-3b). Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antibiofilm, antidiabetic, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cleavage activities of biocandidates (b, 1-3, and 1-3b) were examined to determine the optimum size of gold nanoparticles and the effect of modifying groups on their bioactivity in this study for the first time. The highest antioxidant activities were obtained for biocandidates (b and 1b) at 100 mg/L. The best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were obtained at 32 mg/L for bioagents (b, 1, and 3b) against E. faecalis whereas the MIC value was obtained at 32 mg/L for 1b against E. hirae and E. faecalis. Bioagents (b and 1-3b) exhibited high APDT activities (16 mg/L) against the studied microorganisms. The highest biofilm inhibition activities were obtained 94.57 and 89.28% for 50 mg/L nanoconjugate (1b) against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, respectively. All the studied biocandidates inhibited 100% E. coli viability at 50 mg/L. The antidiabetic activities of biocandidates (b, 1-3, and 1-3b) were obtained between 7.52 and 100 mg/L. Bioagents (2, 3, 1b, and 2b) destroyed the DNA integrity, as well. The significant improvement in the biological activities of gold nanoparticles confirmed that new nanoconjugates especially 1b can be considered promising medical nanomaterials after further clinical investigation.
Carbonates and Bicarbonates: a Sustainable Approach for Managing Plant Diseases, Pests, and Abiotic Stresses
(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Derviş, Sibel; Ozer, Goksel; Taheri, Parissa; Dervis, Sibel; 16.01. Department of Organic Agriculture / Organik Tarım Bölümü; 16. School of Vocational Higher School of Kızıltepe/ Kızıltepe Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The growing global food demand necessitates sustainable agricultural practices that minimize environmental impact while ensuring high yields. Synthetic pesticides, while crucial for crop protection, raise concerns about environmental contamination, resistance development, and harm to non-target organisms. Carbonates and bicarbonates (e.g., NaHCO3, KHCO3, CaCO3) offer a promising, Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) alternative for integrated pest and disease management and abiotic stress mitigation. These compounds exhibit broadspectrum efficacy against diverse fungal, oomycete, bacterial, and insect pathogens, including the clubroot protist (Plasmodiophora brassicae). Their direct antimicrobial mechanisms involve disrupting pathogen cell membranes and walls, inducing osmotic stress, and altering pH, which leads to pathogen death. Beyond direct toxicity, carbonates and bicarbonates also elicit plant defenses, inducing systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and stimulating defense enzymes (e.g., peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase). Furthermore, they enhance soil health by raising pH, improving nutrient availability, structure, and water retention, while reducing heavy metal bioavailability. These soil improvements increase plant resilience to drought, salinity, and metal toxicity, with potential benefits also arising from improved stomatal regulation. Recent advancements have introduced carbonate nanoparticles as nano-fungicides and biostimulants, offering enhanced efficacy at lower application rates. Integrating carbonates/bicarbonates into Integrated pest management (IPM) programs, especially in combination with biocontrol agents and other beneficial salts, demonstrates synergistic effects and reduces reliance on conventional pesticides. However, further research is needed to elucidate detailed molecular mechanisms, assess long-term soil impacts, optimize application methods (e.g., foliar sprays, soil amendments, nanoformulations), and evaluate compatibility with other agrochemicals. Addressing these knowledge gaps will enable the full potential of these sustainable compounds for resilient and food-secure agriculture.
Neuroprotection Unveiled: Melatonin Mitigates Apoptotic Pathways in Traumatic Brain Injury
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Şeker, Uğur; Akgun, Mehmet Yigit; Seker, Ugur; Ucar, Ege Anil; Ates, Ozkan; Basar, Ibrahim; Department of Basic Medical Sciences / Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü; 10. Faculty of Medicine / Tıp Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Objective This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of melatonin in mice subjected to traumatic brain injury (TBI), focusing on caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling pathways.Materials and methods A total of 21 mice were divided into three groups: control, trauma (TBI), and trauma + melatonin (TBI + M). TBI was induced in the TBI and TBI + M groups via a free-fall impact on the frontal lobes. A single dose of 10 mg/kg of melatonin was intraperitoneally administered to the TBI + M group. Brain tissues were collected for histological evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis of apoptotic proteins.Results The control group showed normal brain morphology, while the trauma group exhibited significant tissue loss and demyelination. The TBI + M group demonstrated reduced demyelination compared to the trauma group. An immunohistochemical analysis revealed increased expression of Bax and decreased expression of Bcl-2 in the trauma group, both of which were mitigated by melatonin treatment. The expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were elevated in the trauma group, whereas the TBI + M group showed expression levels comparable to the control group.Conclusion TBI increased apoptotic protein expression, indicating neurodegeneration. The administration of melatonin at 10 mg/kg attenuated TBI-induced apoptosis and demyelination while promoting anti-apoptotic protein expression in the experimental model. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for melatonin in the management of TBI.
A Novel Factor for Primary Arteriovenous Fistula Failure Hyperinsulinism
(Oxford Univ Press, 2015) Akin, Davut; Ozmen, Sehmus; Kaya, Ramazan

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